What Is Parthia Called Today: Uncovering Its Modern Identity

Parthia, in its historical context, primarily encompassed a geographical area that is now spread across northeastern Iran and southern Turkmenistan. This ancient region’s boundaries may be a bit challenging to pinpoint precisely in today’s geopolitical landscape. Northeastern Iran represents the core of the original Parthian territory, while southern Turkmenistan constitutes an adjacent part of this historical region. Understanding Parthia’s modern-day presence involves recognizing that its ancient heartland is situated within the boundaries of present-day northeastern Iran, while some portions extend into the southern region of Turkmenistan.

The Parthian Empire, which thrived from 247 BCE to 224 CE, was located in the region that is now known as Iran and encompassed several neighboring territories. Notably, around 129 BCE, the Parthians managed to assert their authority over a significant portion of the Silk Road, a vital trade route connecting China to the Western world. This accomplishment played a pivotal role in expanding their prosperity and global influence.